Understanding the Differences Between Coatings
When it comes to enhancing the look and feel of printed materials, coatings play a vital role. They not only protect your prints but also help achieve the desired aesthetic, whether that’s a high-gloss finish, a soft matte effect, or something in between. Let’s take a closer look at the three most common types of coatings used in the printing industry: UV Coating, Varnish, and Aqueous Coating.
UV Coating
UV coating is a clear liquid compound applied to paper while wet and then instantly dried using ultraviolet light- hence the name "UV coating". The coating is composed of a blend of chemicals, including polyethylene, calcium carbonate, and kaolinite. These materials are refined and combined with viscosifiers, which are substances that increase the viscosity, or resistance to flow, of a liquid. In essence, it makes a fluid thicker or more gel-like, which helps the mixture stick to the paper. A specialized UV coating machine is used to apply this finish after the printing process.
UV coatings can vary in glossiness and thickness based on the desired look, but they are most commonly used to create a high-gloss or soft matte finish for premium print materials.
This coating can be applied to the entire surface of a printed signature—on one or both sides—or selectively in specific areas using a technique called spot UV coating. Spot UV is especially effective for highlighting key design elements, such as logos or images, to make them stand out.
There are two ways UV coating is typically used:
Flood Coating: Applied across the entire printed sheet for a consistent, glossy look.
Spot Coating: Applied to specific areas (such as logos or images) to highlight them and create contrast.
Quick Facts:
Applied directly while running on Royle’s web + sheetfed presses.
More cost-effective than aqueous coating, but pricier than varnish.
Available in Matte and Gloss finishes.
Ideal for marketing materials that need a high-end, polished appearance.
Varnish
Varnish is a clear, protective coating applied to printed surfaces during the printing process. It helps guard against smudges, fingerprints, and scuffs while also enhancing the look and feel of your packaging or marketing materials. Think of it as a layer of polish that can elevate your design and add durability. Whether you want a sleek, glossy finish or a more subtle, refined matte, there’s a varnish style to match your brand’s vibe.
The 4 Most Popular Types of Varnish in Printing
Understanding the different types of varnish coatings will help you make the right choice for your printed piece. Each type offers a unique look and level of protection, so here’s a breakdown of the top four finishes:
Gloss Varnish – For Bold, Vibrant Impact
Gloss varnish is all about shine and color enhancement. It can be applied to the whole surface or just certain design elements, making colors pop with depth and intensity. If you want your artwork to stand out, gloss is a great option.
Keep in mind: While it looks striking, high-gloss varnish can create glare under bright light, which might affect readability, especially on text-heavy designs.
Matte Varnish – For a Soft, Elegant Look
Matte varnish gives your printed piece a more subtle, muted finish. With no shine or reflection, it’s ideal for designs where readability is paramount, such as text-heavy pages or materials intended for viewing from a distance.
It offers a smooth, professional feel and is ideal for brands seeking a minimalist or luxurious aesthetic.
Strike-Through Matte Varnish – Best of Both Worlds
This technique utilizes both matte and gloss varnishes and UV Coatings in a single design. First, the varnish is applied across most of the surface, then selected areas are treated with the UV coating to make them stand out.
The result? A dynamic contrast that adds both texture and visual interest—ideal for packaging or marketing materials that need to make an impression.
Satin Varnish – Subtle, Yet Durable
Satin varnish is the middle ground between gloss and matte. It offers a soft sheen without the glare of high gloss and provides extra protection against fingerprints and scratches.
Visually, it looks as if there’s almost no varnish at all, but your print still benefits from added durability, making it a smart option for products that will be handled frequently or shipped.
Adding varnish to your printed materials isn’t just about protection; it’s a design choice that can elevate your brand and create a more memorable experience for your customers. Whether you choose a high-shine gloss, a smooth matte, or a creative combo like strike-through matte, the right finish can make all the difference.
Aqueous Coating
Aqueous coating is a clear, water-based finish applied to printed materials after the ink has been printed. It dries quickly to form a protective layer that not only enhances the appearance of your design but also helps preserve it from everyday wear and tear.
This coating is a popular choice across industries for its combination of aesthetic appeal, protective qualities, and eco-friendly nature.
How Aqueous Coating Works
Once printing is complete, the aqueous coating is applied—usually by roller—and then rapidly dried using hot air. The result? A smooth, even layer that seals and protects the print while giving it a refined finish.
Key Benefits of Aqueous Coating
Protection: It helps safeguard your printed materials from scratches, scuffs, smudges, and fingerprints.
Enhanced Aesthetics: Available in matte, satin, or gloss finishes, it can add visual depth or a subtle elegance to your design.
Durability: It adds a layer of strength to the surface, making it more resilient during handling, shipping, or display.
Eco-Friendly: Because it's water-based and free from harsh chemicals, it’s a greener choice for environmentally conscious brands.
Cost-Effective: It delivers professional-grade protection and appeal without breaking the budget.
Types of Aqueous Coating
There isn’t just one kind of aqueous coating—there’s a range of options designed to suit different needs and finishes:
Gloss Aqueous Coating: Offers a shiny, reflective finish that enhances image clarity and color richness.
Matte Aqueous Coating: A non-glossy finish that softens the visual appearance while making colors look deep and refined.
Satin Aqueous Coating: A smooth middle ground between gloss and matte, offering subtle sheen with excellent readability.
Dry Erase Coating: Allows writing with dry-erase markers and easy erasing—ideal for calendars or reusable surfaces.
Pencil Receptive Coating: Designed to accept pencil or pen markings, great for forms and printed materials that require writing.
Soft Touch Coating: Adds a luxurious, velvety texture to the surface—a perfect match for high-end packaging or premium business cards.
Choosing the right coating hinges on your project’s goals, budget, and desired aesthetics. Whether you require the striking impact of UV gloss, the understated elegance of matte varnish, or the eco-friendly versatility of aqueous coating, there’s a solution to suit your needs.
Tip: Always consult with your Sales Representative for detailed specifications and the best recommendation based on your print job.